Respiratory System And Anatomy How it work

RESPIRATORY SYSTEM

Pulmonary Ventilation
Internal Respiration
External Respiration

DEFINITION OF RESPIRATION
The exchange of gases between the atmosphere, lungs, blood
and cells are called respiration

DEFINITION OF PULMONARY VENTILATION
The inspiration and expiration of air between the atmosphere and
lungs are called pulmonary ventilation.

DEFINITION OF EXTERNAL RESPIRATION
The exchange of gases between lungs and blood is called external
respiration.

FUNCTION OF THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
• Provides extensive gas exchange surface area between
air and circulating blood
• Moves air to and from exchange surfaces of lungs
• Protects respiratory surfaces from the outside environment
• Produces sounds
• Participates in the olfactory sense

upper respiratory system
• Nose
• Nasal cavity
• Para nasal sinuses
• Pharynx

Lower respiratory system
• Larynx
• Trachea
• Bronchi
• Lungs

THE NASAL CAVITY

OPENING S INTO THE NASAL CAVITY
• Anterior nares / Nostrils: exterior to the nasal cavity
• Posterior nares: nasal cavity to the pharynx

PARANASAL SINUSES
• Air-filled cavities in the bones of the face & cranium
• Linked with a nasal cavity by tiny openings. Main sinuses are

Left lung
• Divided into 2 lobes by oblique fissure
• Smaller than the right lung
• Cardiac notch accommodates the heart

Right lung
• Divided into 3 lobes by oblique and horizontal fissures
• Located more superiorly in the body due to the liver on the right side

DIFFERENCES BETWEEN RIGHT & LEFT LUNGS
RIGHT LUNG
• 2 fissures, 3 lobes
• Anterior border straight
• Larger, heavier (700g)
• Shorter, broader

LEFT LUNG
• 1 fissure, 2 lobes
• Anterior border interrupted
by cardiac notch
• Smaller, lighter (600g)
• Longer, narrower