RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
- Pulmonary Ventilation
- Internal Respiration
- External Respiration
DEFINITION OF RESPIRATION
The exchange of gases between the atmosphere, lungs, blood
and cells are called respiration
DEFINITION OF PULMONARY VENTILATION
The inspiration and expiration of air between the atmosphere and
lungs are called pulmonary ventilation.
DEFINITION OF EXTERNAL RESPIRATION
The exchange of gases between lungs and blood is called external
respiration.
FUNCTION OF THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
• Provides extensive gas exchange surface area between
air and circulating blood
• Moves air to and from exchange surfaces of lungs
• Protects respiratory surfaces from the outside environment
• Produces sounds
• Participates in the olfactory sense
upper respiratory system
• Nose
• Nasal cavity
• Para nasal sinuses
• Pharynx
Lower respiratory system
• Larynx
• Trachea
• Bronchi
• Lungs
THE NASAL CAVITY
OPENING S INTO THE NASAL CAVITY
• Anterior nares / Nostrils: exterior to the nasal cavity
• Posterior nares: nasal cavity to the pharynx
PARANASAL SINUSES
• Air-filled cavities in the bones of the face & cranium
• Linked with a nasal cavity by tiny openings. Main sinuses are
Left lung
• Divided into 2 lobes by oblique fissure
• Smaller than the right lung
• Cardiac notch accommodates the heart
Right lung
• Divided into 3 lobes by oblique and horizontal fissures
• Located more superiorly in the body due to the liver on the right side
DIFFERENCES BETWEEN RIGHT & LEFT LUNGS
RIGHT LUNG
• 2 fissures, 3 lobes
• Anterior border straight
• Larger, heavier (700g)
• Shorter, broader
LEFT LUNG
• 1 fissure, 2 lobes
• Anterior border interrupted
by cardiac notch
• Smaller, lighter (600g)
• Longer, narrower
For more information please visit the website: https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/articles/21205-respiratory-system
